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How to Use CNC Machines Properly
CNC machine tools are products that comprehensively apply high-tech such as computers, automatic control, automatic detection, and precision machinery. They are typical mechatronic processing equipment with a high degree of technological intensity and automation. Compared with ordinary machine tools, their superiority is obvious: not only do they have high precision in parts processing and stable product quality, but they also have a very high degree of automation, which can reduce the physical labor intensity of workers and greatly improve production efficiency. It is especially worth mentioning that CNC machine tools can complete the processing of complex curved surface parts that ordinary machine tools find difficult or impossible to process. Therefore, the status of CNC machine tools in the machinery manufacturing industry is becoming increasingly important. However, we must clearly recognize that whether the above advantages of CNC machine tools can be achieved depends on whether the operator can use them properly and correctly during production. The following discusses the precautions for using CNC machine tools from the operator's perspective to ensure that the superiority of CNC machine tools is fully utilized.
1. Improve the comprehensive quality of operators
Using CNC machine tools is more difficult than using ordinary machine tools because CNC machine tools are typical mechatronic products involving a wide range of knowledge. Operators should have broader professional knowledge in mechanics, electricity, hydraulics, and pneumatics. Therefore, the quality requirements for operators are very high. Currently, an undeniable phenomenon is that the number of CNC machine tool users is increasing, but the utilization rate of the machine tools is not high. Sometimes this is due to insufficient production tasks, but a more critical factor is the insufficient quality of CNC operators who do not know how to handle some problems. Especially for newly purchased machine tools, due to the quality of electronic components and the impact of vibrations during transportation, some faults in the CNC system often appear within 3 to 6 months after official production. These faults are often not found in the maintenance manual and may never have been encountered before. This requires users to have a high quality, be calm in dealing with problems, have a clear mind, strong on-site judgment ability, and a solid CNC foundation. Generally, when purchasing new machine tools, manufacturers provide technical training opportunities for users. Although the time is short, the training is very targeted, and users should attach importance to it. The personnel sent should include future machine tool operators. Improving the comprehensive quality of operators is not a short-term matter but a long-term effort that should be continuously accumulated during future use. Another worthwhile approach is to visit experienced users of similar machine tools who have strong practical experience and the most authority. You can request their help to provide certain training for operators, which is the most effective way to improve operators' comprehensive quality in a short time.
2. Follow correct operating procedures
No matter what kind of machine tool it is, it has its own set of operating procedures. These are not only important measures to ensure the safety of operators but also important measures to ensure equipment safety and product quality. Users must operate correctly according to the operating procedures. If the machine tool is used for the first time or has not been used for a long time, it should be run idle for a few minutes first. During use, pay attention to the order and precautions for starting and shutting down the machine (for example, after starting, first return to the reference point manually or automatically by program command). These points should especially be emphasized for beginners because they often lack corresponding operational training and are prone to mistakes in this regard.
3. Create a good usage environment
With the progress of science and technology, generally speaking, the usage environment of CNC machine tools does not have harsh requirements and can be placed in the same production workshop as ordinary machine tools. That said, because CNC machine tools contain a large number of electronic components, they are most afraid of direct sunlight, humidity, dust, and vibration. These factors can cause corrosion or damage to electronic components or cause short circuits between components, leading to abnormal machine tool operation. These issues are usually considered during machine installation. For users, the main concern is to protect the surrounding environment. For example, on rainy days, be careful not to bring umbrellas into the production site and change shoes, etc.
4. Maximize the machine tool's operating rate
After purchasing a CNC machine tool, if its operating rate is low, not only will the user's invested funds fail to play a role in reproduction, but there is also a worrying problem that after the warranty period, additional repair costs may be incurred if the equipment fails. Since newly purchased equipment has a certain warranty period, experience shows that CNC equipment tends to have a relatively higher failure rate in the early stages of use. Users should make full use of the machine during this period to expose weak points early and resolve them within the warranty period. Even when production tasks are lacking, the machine should not be left idle. This is not caring for the equipment; rather, long-term disuse may accelerate the deterioration or damage of electronic components due to moisture and other reasons. Users should regularly power on the machine and run it idle for about 1 hour each time, using the heat generated during operation to remove or reduce internal humidity.
5. Calmly handle machine tool faults
Faults are inevitable during machine tool use. Operators should calmly handle them and avoid blind actions to prevent more serious consequences. They should preserve the scene, truthfully explain the situation before and after the fault to maintenance personnel when they arrive, and participate in joint problem analysis to eliminate faults as soon as possible. If the fault is caused by operational reasons, operators should promptly learn from the experience to avoid repeating the same mistakes.
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